PostgreSQL major upgrade with pgvector

If we installed pgvector, upgrading PostgreSQL major version will not success with pg_upgrade. We need to manually dump and restore all databases.
In order to do that,

  1. Start the existing version service, eg 16.

  2. Run
    pg_dumpall -U postgres -f /path/to/all_dumps.sql

  3. Stop service.

  4. Upgrade postgresql postgresql-libs postgresql-old-upgrade

  5. Re-compile and re-install pgvector.

  6. Initialize database, such as
    initdb -D /var/lib/postgres/data --locale=C.UTF-8 --encoding=UTF8

  7. Start the newer version service, eg 17.

  8. Login as postgres (sudo -u postgres /bin/bash), and run
    psql -f /path/to/all_dumps.sql postgres

The above steps are based on https://wiki.archlinux.org/title/PostgreSQL#Upgrading_PostgreSQL with some modifications.